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Abstract
In the modern world, international tourism acts not only as an important sector of the global economy, but also as an area subject to the influence of various external forces, among which geopolitical factors occupy a special place. These factors, including political conflicts, sanctions regimes, diplomatic tensions, and changes in international relations, can radically change tourist flows, investment flows, and industry development strategies. The study showed that geopolitical instability often leads to a decrease in the attractiveness of regions for travelers, causing a redistribution of routes in favor of more peaceful territories. For example, in the context of escalating tensions between countries, tourists prefer to avoid risk zones, which affects income from tourism and employment in the service sector. On the other hand, improved diplomatic ties can stimulate the growth of inbound tourism by simplifying visa procedures and joint promotional campaigns. The paper analyzes the mechanisms of this impact, including econometric models and case studies from different regions of the world. Special attention is paid to the role of the state in minimizing negative effects through market diversification and increasing the sustainability of the industry. The results emphasize that in the era of globalization, geopolitics not only limits, but also opens up new opportunities for tourism, contributing to the regionalization of flows and the development of alternative destinations. In general, understanding these relationships allowed us to offer recommendations to the tourism business aimed at ensuring long-term growth of the sector even in conditions of uncertainty.
References
Список источников
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