Abstract
In the era of mass digitalization and the development of social media, the political space, previously almost entirely controlled by the media and the state, has undergone significant changes. The fragmentation of the information field and the lack of full control over the digital environment increasingly impact the public in the context of protest movements, leading not only to domestic political destabilization but also to the division of society into opposing, irreconcilable ideological camps. The information agenda has also undergone significant changes, and its formation is now the responsibility not only of media editors, political or economic actors, but also of opinion leaders. Any social media post, comment, or reaction from a popular blogger can spark a heated debate among their followers and draw attention to a specific event. Given the influencers’ lack of expertise on a number of issues, their statements and opinions are often subjective, not always accurate, or downright misleading. Therefore, in today’s digital world, it is important to be able to analyze information, resist the influence of popular figures, and master the process of fact-checking to form a more objective picture of the world. Consequently, this article analyzes the influence of social media and its actors on the formation of the political agenda, taking into account the challenges of the digital age. The authors highlight the key issues that underscore the article novelty. Firstly, the topic of agenda-setting in social media has not been fully explored and is only limited in domestic academic discourse. Secondly, identifying the advantages of social media over traditional media and analyzing specific examples in the context of agenda-setting and promotion is a new phenomenon in the academic community. Therefore, this article has theoretical and practical significance for research in the field of information interaction and social development. The main mechanisms that shape the modern information landscape are also highlighted.
References
1. Быков И. А. Медиатизация политики в эпоху социальных медиа / И. А. Быков // Журнал политических исследований. – 2017. – Т. 1. – № 4. – С. 15–38.
2. Вартанова Е. Л. Теория медиа: отечественный дискурс / Е. Л. Вартанова. – М.: Изд-во Моск. ун-та, 2019. – С. 85–101.
3. Головешко М. М. Анализ информационной политики Д. Трампа в социальных сетях общего характера / М. М. Головешко // Вестник студенческого научного общества ГОУ ВПО «Донецкий национальный университет». – 2021. – Т. 2. – № 13–1. – С. 107–111.
4. Кастельс М. Сетевое общество: Условие существования / М. Кастельс. – М.: Гуманитарная академия, 2000.
5. Красуля Е. В. Социальные сети как форма трансграничного виртуального пространства: взгляд правоведа / Е. В. Красуля // Цифровой бренд-менеджмент территорий: глобальный и локальный аспекты [Электронный ресурс]: материалы IV Международной трансдисциплинарной научно-практической web-конференции «Сonnect-Universum‑2018», 29–30 ноября 2018 года. – Томск, 2019. – С. 110–114.
6. Липманн У. Общественное мнение / У. Липманн. – 1921. – 202 c.
7. Молодцов И. Н. Медиабизнес: учебник / И. Н. Молодцов. – Москва: КноРус, 2023. – 169 с.
8. Пырма Р. В. Влияние цифровых коммуникаций на политическое участие / Р. В. Пырма // Гуманитарные науки. Вестник Финансового университета. – 2019. – № 9. – С. 63–69.
9. Русаков А. Ю. Эхо-камеры в современной массовой культуре / А. Ю. Русаков // Вестник СПбГИК. – 2019. – № 2 (39). – С. 11–15.
10. Almakaty S. S. Agenda setting theory in the digital media age: a comprehensive and critical literature review //Future Technology. – 2025. – Т. 4. – № . 2. – С. 51–60.
11. Gilardi F. et al. Social media and political agenda setting //Political communication. – 2022. – Т. 39. – № . 1. – С. 39–60.
12. McCombs M. E., Shaw D. L. The Public Opinion Quarterly. – 1972. – Vol. 36, № 2. – P. 176–187.
13. Shoemaker P. J., Vos T. P. Gatekeeping Theory. New York: Routledge. 2009.
1. Bykov, I.A. (2017). Mediatizatcia politiki v ipohy sotcialnih media [Mediatization of Politics in the Era of Social Media]. Jurnal politicheskih issledovani [Journal of Political Studies], 1(4), 15–38. (In Russ.).
2. Vartanova, E.L. (2019). Teoriya media: otechestvenni discurs [Media Theory: Domestic Discourse]. Moscow: Moscow University Press. (In Russ.).
3. Goloveshko, M.M. (2021). Analiz informatsionnoi politiki D.Trampa v sotsialnikh setyakh obshchego kharaktera [Analysis of D. Trump’s Information Policy in General Social Networks]. Vestnik studencheskogo nauchnogo obshchestva GOU VPO «Donetskii natsionalnii universitet» [Bulletin of the Student Scientific Society of the Donetsk National University], 2(13–1), 107–111. (In Russ.).
4. Castells M. (2000). Setevoe obshchestvo: Uslovie sushchestvovaniya [Network Society: Conditions of Existence]. Moscow: Humanitarian Academy. (In Russ.).
5. Krasulya, E. V., (2018). Sotsial’nye seti kak forma transgranichnogo virtual’nogo prostranstva: vzglyad pravoveda [Social Networks as a Form of Cross Border Virtual Space: A Legal Scholar’s Perspective]. Tsifrovoy brend menedzhment territoriy: global’nyy i lokal’nyy aspekty [Digital Brand Management of Territories: Global and Local Aspects]: Proceedings of the IV International Transdisciplinary Scientific and Practical Web Conference “Connect Universum 2018”. Tomsk: National Research Tomsk State University, 110–114. (In Russ.).
6. Lipmann, U. (1921). Obshchestvennoe mnenie [Public Opinion]. (In Russ.).
7. Molodtsov, I.N. (2023). Mediabiznes [Media Business]: Manual. Moscow: KnoRus. (In Russ.).
8. Pyrma, R.V. (2019). Vliyanie tsifrovikh kommunikatsii na politicheskoe uchastie [The Influence of Digital Communications on Political Participation]. Gumanitarnie nauki. Vestnik Finansovogo universiteta [Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University], 9(4), 63–69. https://doi.org/10.26794/2226–7867–2019–9–4–63–69. (In Russ.).
9. Rusakov, A.Y. (2019). Ekho-kameri v sovremennoi massovoi kulture [Echo chambers in modern popular culture]. Vestnik SPbGIK [Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg State University of Culture], 2, 11–15. (In Russ.).
10. Almakaty, S. S. (2025). Agenda setting theory in the digital media age: a comprehensive and critical literature review. Future Technology, 4(2), 51–60.
11. Gilardi, F. et al. (2022). Social media and political agenda setting. Political Communication, 39(1), 39–60.
12. McCombs, M. E., Shaw, D. L., (1972). The agenda setting function of mass media. The Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176–187.
13. Shoemaker, P.J., Vos, T.P. (2009). Gatekeeping Theory. New York: Routledge.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
